There is no safe level of alcohol consumption

AFP: Even an occasional glass of wine or beer increases the risk of health problems and dying, according to a major study on drinking in 195 nations that attributes 2.8 million premature deaths worldwide each year to booze.
“There is no safe level of alcohol,” said Dr Max Griswold, a researcher at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation in Seattle, Washington, and lead author for a consortium of more than 500 experts.Despite recent research showing that light-to-moderate drinking reduces heart disease, the new study found that alcohol use is more likely than not to do harm.”The protective effect of alcohol was offset by the risks,” Dr Griswold told AFP in summarising the results, published in medical journal The Lancet on Friday (Aug 24).”Overall, the health risks associated with alcohol rose in line with the amount consumed each day.”
Compared to abstinence, imbibing one “standard drink” – 10g of alcohol, equivalent to a small beer, glass of wine or shot of spirits – per day, for example, ups the odds of developing at least one of two dozen health problems by about 0.5 per cent, the researchers reported.
Looked at one way, that seems like a small increment: 914 out of 100,000 teetotallers will encounter those problems, compared to 918 people who imbibe seven times per week.”But at the global level, that additional risk of 0.5 per cent among (once-a-day) drinkers corresponds to about 100,000 additional deaths each year,” said senior author Emmanuela Gakidou, a professor at the University of Washington and a director at the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.
“Those are excess deaths, in other words, that could be avoided,” Prof Gakidou told AFP.The risk climbs in a steep “J-curve”, the study found.
An average of two drinks per day, for example, translated into a 7 per cent hike in disease and injury compared to those who opt for abstinence.With five “units” of alcohol per day, the likelihood of serious consequences jumps by 37 per cent.